Both the Latin and
common name refer to the shape of the fruiting body.
The latin pleurotus (sideways) refers to the sideways-growth
of the stem with respect to the cap while the latin
ostreatus (and the English common name, oyster) refers
to the shape of the cap which resembles the bi-valve
of the same name. Many also believe that the name is
fitting due to the flavor resemblance to oysters.
In Chinese, they are called píng
gu (??). Meaning "flat mushroom".
The oyster is one of the more commonly
sought wild mushrooms, though it can also be cultivated
on straw and other media. It often has the scent of
anise due to the presence of benzaldehyde. [1]
* Cap: 5-25 cm broad, fan or oyster-shaped;
Natural specimens range from white to gray or tan to
dark-brown; margin inrolled when young, smooth and often
somewhat lobed or wavy. Flesh white, firm, varies in
thickness due stipe arrangement.
* Gills: Gills are white to cream, descend stalk if
present. If so, stipe off-center with lateral attachment
to wood.
* Spores: The spores form a white to lilac-gray print
on dark media.
* Stipe: Often absent. When present it is short and
thick.
* Taste: Mild
* Odor: Often has a mild scent of anise.
There are no poisonous lookalikes that
grow in North America, however Omphalotus nidiformis
is a toxic lookalike that is found in Australia and
Japan.
Oyster mushroom on a log.
Oyster mushroom on a log.
The Oyster Mushroom is wide-spread
in temperate and subtropical forests throughout the
world. It is a saprophyte that acts as a primary decomposer
on wood.
The oyster mushroom is frequently used
in Japanese and Chinese cookery as a delicacy: it is
frequently served either on its own, although sometimes
stuffed: and in stir-fry recipes too with soy sauce.
Oyster mushrooms are a natural source
of statin drugs. Studies have shown that they typically
contain 0.4% to 2.7% statins on a dry weight basis.
Z. Naturforsch Study. A number of studies on lab animals
have shown that adding Pleurotus to the diet can reduce
cholesterol under some conditions.
The oyster mushroom is also one of
the few known carnivorous mushrooms. Its mycelia can
kill and digest nematodes. This is believed to be a
way to obtain nitrogen.
Oyster mushrooms contain a small amount
of arabitol which can cause gastrointestinal distress
in some people. Arabitol is a sugar alcohol similar
to xylitol, manitol and sorbitol; these sugar alcohols
are widely used food additives and can also have laxative
effectives in susceptible individuals.
* Stamets & Chilton, The Mushroom
Cultivator, 1983
* Stamets, Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms (Third
Edition), 2000
* National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American
Mushrooms, 1997
* Oyster sauce
Wikimedia Commons has media related
to:
Pleurotus ostreatus
* Culinary information regarding oysters
* The effect of Pleurotus ostreatus on cholesterol absorption
* General information including growing oyster mushrooms,
market data, and more.
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